Add C++ Bindings (#3544)

# Description of Changes

This adds C++ server bindings (/crate/bindings-cpp) to allow writing C++
20 modules.

- Emscripten WASM build system integration with CMake
- Macro-based code generation (SPACETIMEDB_TABLE, SPACETIMEDB_REDUCER,
etc)
- All SpacetimeDB types supported (primitives, Timestamp, Identity,
Uuid, etc)
- Product types via SPACETIMEDB_STRUCT
- Sum types via SPACETIMEDB_ENUM
- Constraints marked with FIELD* macros

# API and ABI breaking changes

None

# Expected complexity level and risk

2 - Doesn't heavily impact any other areas but is complex macro C++
structure to support a similar developer experience, did have a small
impact on init command

# Testing

- [x] modules/module-test-cpp - heavily tested every reducer
- [x] modules/benchmarks-cpp - tested through the standalone (~6x faster
than C#, ~6x slower than Rust)
- [x] modules/sdk-test-cpp
- [x] modules/sdk-test-procedure-cpp
- [x] modules/sdk-test-view-cpp  
- [x] Wrote several test modules myself
- [x] Quickstart smoketest [Currently in progress]
- [ ] Write Blackholio C++ server module

---------

Signed-off-by: Jason Larabie <jason@clockworklabs.io>
Co-authored-by: clockwork-labs-bot <clockwork-labs-bot@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Ryan <r.ekhoff@clockworklabs.io>
Co-authored-by: John Detter <4099508+jdetter@users.noreply.github.com>

Author: 4 people

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -302,12 +302,25 @@ jobs:
         with:
           run_install: true
 
+      # Install cmake and emscripten for C++ module compilation tests.
+      - name: Install cmake and emscripten
+        run: |
+          sudo apt-get update
+          sudo apt-get install -y cmake
+          git clone https://github.com/emscripten-core/emsdk.git ~/emsdk
+          cd ~/emsdk
+          ./emsdk install 4.0.21
+          ./emsdk activate 4.0.21
+
       - name: Build typescript module sdk
         working-directory: crates/bindings-typescript
         run: pnpm build
 
+        # Source emsdk environment to make emcc (Emscripten compiler) available in PATH.
       - name: Run tests
-        run: cargo ci test
+        run: |
+          source ~/emsdk/emsdk_env.sh
+          cargo ci test
 
   lints:
     name: Lints

.github/workflows/upgrade-version-check.yml

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ jobs:
         with:
           run_install: true
       - name: Verify that upgrade-version still works
-        run: cargo bump-versions 123.456.789 --rust-and-cli --csharp --typescript --accept-snapshots
+        run: cargo bump-versions 123.456.789 --rust-and-cli --csharp --typescript --cpp --accept-snapshots
       - name: Show diff
         run: git diff HEAD
 

.gitignore

@@ -231,6 +231,10 @@ new.json
 # Temporary templates dir for CLI's init command
 /crates/cli/.templates
 
+# C++ build data
+modules/benchmarks-cpp/build/
+modules/module-test-cpp/build/
+
 # Symlinked output from `nix build`
 result
 

crates/bindings-cpp/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+build*/