Introduce SystemSchemaProvider SPI for live MySQL system schema loading

[linghengqian]

For #37766 .

Changes proposed in this pull request:

• Introduce SystemSchemaProvider SPI for live MySQL system schema loading.
• This SPI can be extended to Postgres, OpenGauss, and Oracle in other PRs.
• There are many MySQL-compatible databases, including but not limited to ClickHouse, MariaDB, Doris, and H2. Moreover, the content of information_schema is basically different for each database. Otherwise, databases like ClickHouse would not be able to implement geographic information columns. There's no point in keeping hundreds of predefined empty tables; it's better to retrieve a data source from the available data sources and query it.
• I could actually delete the hundreds of files in the current PR ( https://github.com/apache/shardingsphere/tree/master/database/connector/dialect/mysql/src/main/resources/schema/mysql ). However, to facilitate the review of the new SPI, I want to delete those hundreds of files in a separate PR.

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