Add installation and packaging targets

[aaronsch0]

This PR adds installation targets and CPack configuration to generate .tar.gz and .deb packages.

How to test

1. Build the Docker image.
2. Run cmake .. and make package in the build directory.
3. Install the package using apt install ./cpackexample_0.1.0_arm64.deb.
4. Run cpackexample.

Optional Tasks Completed

• Dependencies: Enabled CPACK_DEBIAN_PACKAGE_SHLIBDEPS to automatically detect shared library dependencies.
• Naming Scheme: Enabled CPACK_DEBIAN_FILE_NAME "DEB-DEFAULT" for correct Debian naming conventions.
• Stripping: Enabled CPACK_STRIP_FILES to reduce package size.

Verification Results

Size Comparison:

• Unstripped: 4.5M
• Stripped: 2.5M

Lintian Output (Final):
E: cpackexample: extended-description-is-empty
E: cpackexample: no-changelog usr/share/doc/cpackexample/changelog.gz (native package)
E: cpackexample: no-copyright-file
W: cpackexample: no-manual-page [usr/bin/cpackexample]

(The error unstripped-binary-or-object was successfully removed by enabling stripping.)

[uekerman]

Looks good 👍

Minor: The sizes (before and after stripping) relate to a debug build. When packaging a code, one typically uses a release build, which has much smaller size.