Update location data for Census 2022

[jannes-m]

Summary

This PR updates the location/geomarketing datasets to use Census 2022 data (via the z22 package) instead of the bundled Census 2011 data.

Changes

• Remove census_de: This dataset is no longer needed as Chapter 14 now uses the z22 package directly
• Regenerate metro_names: Now detects 10 metropolitan areas (vs 8 with Census 2011)
  • Added: Hannover, Dresden
• Regenerate shops: Updated OSM shop data for all 10 metros (~180k shops)
• Update documentation: Removed census_de docs, updated metro_names/shops docs
• Update data-raw script: Uses z22 package for data generation

Breaking Changes

• census_de dataset is removed
• Users should use the z22 package directly for German census data

Coordination

⚠️ This PR must be merged together with geocompx/geocompr#1175

The geocompr Chapter 14 refactoring depends on these updated datasets.

Test Plan

• Verify metro_names has 10 entries
• Verify shops sf object has geometry and ~180k rows
• Run Chapter 14 of geocompr with updated spDataLarge

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[Nowosad]

Hi @jannes-m -- thanks for the PR.

Two questions I have before merging:

1. The shops.rda is now three times larger than before (4.5 MB vs 1.5 MB). Is this expected?
2. Would it not be better (for future stability) to update the census_de object rather than depending on the external package?

[jannes-m]

Updated approach based on feedback

After discussion, we've changed the approach to bundle census_de in spDataLarge instead of removing it. This addresses the concern about the external z22 dependency.

Changes in latest commits:

Regarding shops.rda size increase (1.5 MB → 4.5 MB):

• Expected increase due to Census 2022 detecting 10 metros vs 8
• Added Dresden (new metro) and Hannover (detected via Langenhagen)
• Plus 4 years of OSM data growth (more shops mapped since 2022)
• Old: ~104k shops → New: ~180k shops

Regarding z22 external dependency:

• Now bundling census_de dataset in spDataLarge for stability
• z22 is only used during data preparation (data-raw script), not at runtime
• Chapter 14 shows z22 code (eval=FALSE) to document data source, but loads from spDataLarge for reproducibility

census_de dataset:

• Columns: x, y, pop, women, mean_age, hh_size (1km resolution, EPSG:3035)
• pop, mean_age, hh_size from Census 2022
• women from Census 2011 (not available in 2022)
• Size: ~1.1 MB

Ready for review!

[Nowosad]

Thanks @jannes-m -- I merged the pull request, fixed some urls, updated docs, and updated version (see d75b765).

[jannes-m]

Awesome, thanks a lot @Nowosad!