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Unreleased

0.15.4 – 2025-11-24

New Features

Fixes

Other Improvements

0.15.3 – 2025-11-19

New Features

Fixes

Other Improvements

0.15.2 – 2024-11-30

This release is compatible with Rust nightlies starting with nightly-2024-11-23 (this only applies when the nightly feature is used).

New Features

Fixes

Other Improvements

0.15.1 – 2024-03-19

New Features

Fixes

Other Improvements

0.15.0 – 2024-03-04

Breaking changes

New Features

Fixes

Other Improvements

0.14.12 – 2023-02-09

New Features

Fixes

Other Improvements

0.14.11 – 2022-09-15

New Features

Fixes

Other Improvements

0.14.10 – 2022-07-10

New Features

Fixes

Other Improvements

0.14.9 - 2022-03-31

New Features

  • Address in VirtAddrNotValid and PhysAddrNotValid is now public (#340).
    • This field now contains the whole invalid address (#347).
  • Remove all uses of external assembly (#343)
    • external_asm and inline_asm features are deprecated and now have no effect.
    • instructions feature (on by default) now requires Rust 1.59
    • Specific MSRV now noted in README (#355)
  • Implement core::iter::Step for VirtAddr and Page (#342)
    • This trait is only available on nightly.
    • Gated behind step_trait feature flag
  • Add UCet and SCet registers (#349)
  • Use rustversion to mark certain functions const fn on Rust 1.61 (#353)
  • Entry::handler_addr() is now public (#354)
  • Increase packed structure alignment (#362)
  • Make more address methods const fn (#369)
    • VirtAddr::as_ptr()
    • VirtAddr::as_mut_ptr()
    • PhysAddr::new()
    • PhysAddr::try_new()

Bug fixes and Documentation

  • Fixed overflow bug in PageRangeInclusive (#351)
  • Remove stabilized const_fn_fn_ptr_basics and const_fn_trait_bound features (#352)
  • Don't set nomem in load_tss (#358)
  • Correctly initialize TSS's IOPB to be empty (#357)
  • Improve GlobalDescriptorTable::add_entry error handling (#361)
  • Update tss_segment documentation (#366)

0.14.8 – 2022-02-03

  • Add Cr2::read_raw (#334)
  • Add support for MXCSR register (#336)

0.14.7 – 2021-12-18

  • fix: build error on the latest nightly (#329)
  • add set_general_handler macro (#285)
  • Derive common traits for number, range and enum types (#315)
  • Add the VMM Communication Exception (#VC) to the InterruptDescriptorTable (#313)
  • fix: enable manipulation of InterruptStackFrame (#312)
  • fix docs for page_table_index (#318)
  • Remove redundant alignment check (#314)
  • fix(idt): fix panic messages for index and #VC (#321)
  • remove const_assert! in favor of std's assert! (#326)
  • Move bootloader integration test to separate CI job (#330)

0.14.6 – 2021-09-20

  • New registers::segmentation module (#309), containing:
    • instructions::segmentation::{Segment, Segment64, CS, DS, ES, FS, GS, SS}
    • structures::gdt::SegmentSelector
    • Old locations still re-export all the types, so this is not a breaking change.
  • Fixes build so that cargo doc --no-default-features succeeds.

0.14.5 – 2021-09-04

  • Add ExceptionVector enum and additional flags to PageFaultErrorCode (#303)
  • Add clean_up and clean_up_with_filter methods to deallocate unused page tables (#264)
  • Rename some XCr0 and CR4 flags (#275)
  • Expose MapperFlush::new and MapperFlushAll::new constructor functions (#296)
  • Use #[cfg(doc)] instead of docs.rs-specific cfg flag (#287)
  • Some documentation updates:
    • Update segment register references in GDT::load* method to non-deprecated methods (#301)
    • Remove a panic note (#300)
  • Update bit_field dependency (#306)

0.14.4 – 2021-07-19

  • Add instructions::tables::sgdt (#279)
  • Improve control register bits (#273)
    • Add Cr0 bits: EXTENSION_TYPE (ET)
    • Add Cr4 bits:
      • KEY_LOCKER (KL)
      • CONTROL_FLOW_ENFORCEMENT (CET)
      • PROTECTION_KEY_SUPERVISOR (PKS)
    • Add XCr0 bits: BNDREG, BNDCSR, OPMASK, ZMM_HI256, HI16_ZMM
    • Add consistency checks for XCr0 bits
  • Add SelectorErrorCode for parsing interrupt error codes from #TS, #NP, #SS, and #GP (#274)
  • Make addr::{align_up, align_down} const (#270)
  • Make structures::idt available on stable Rust (#271)
    • Use dummy types for the HandlerFuncs if the "abi_x86_interrupt" feature is disabled
    • Add unsafe set_handler_addr that just takes a VirtAddr
  • Add common abstractions for x86 Segments (#258)
    • Add SS, CS, DS, ES, FS, GS marker types
    • Add Segment trait for reading/writing the segment register
    • Add Segment64 trait for reading/writing the segment base
    • Add GS::swap()
    • Deprecate the corresponding free functions:
      • cs, set_cs
      • swap_gs
      • load_{ss,ds,es,fs,gs}
      • {wr,rd}{fs,gs}base
  • Bug fixes:
    • Corrected documentation typo (#278)
    • Avoided off-by-one error in GlobalDescriptorTable::from_raw_slice when "const_fn" is not enabled (#269)
    • Specify sysv64 as the calling convention for the "external_asm" functions (#267)

0.14.3 – 2021-05-14

  • Make the following types aliases of the new PortGeneric type (#248):
    • Port<T> = PortGeneric<T, ReadWriteAccess>
    • PortReadOnly<T> = PortGeneric<T, ReadOnlyAccess>
    • PortWriteOnly<T> = PortGeneric<T, WriteOnlyAccess>
  • The following methods no longer require the nightly feature to be const fns (#255):
    • PageTable::new
    • GlobalDescriptorTable::from_raw_slice
    • MappedFrame::{start_address, size}
    • Page<Size4KiB>::p1_index
  • Add Debug implementation for InterruptDescriptorTable (#253)
    • Improve Debug implementations for Entry and EntryOptions

0.14.2 – 2021-05-13

  • Multiple improvements to assembly code (#251)
    • Added external_asm implementations for bochs_breakpoint and XCr0
    • Updated options for asm! blocks (to improve performance)
    • Updated docs to use doc_cfg

0.14.1 – 2021-05-06

  • Use new const_fn_trait_bound feature to fix build on latest nightly (#250)
    • Attention: The const_fn feature now requires at least Rust nightly 2021-05-06.
  • Add support for sidt instruction (#246)
  • Fix Debug and PartialEq implementations for IDT entry type (#249)
  • Looser trait bounds for Port types (#247)

0.14.0 – 2021-04-11

  • Breaking: Take the interrupt stack frame by value (not by reference) #242
  • Breaking: Change InterruptStackFrame::as_mut to return a Volatile<_> wrapper #242

0.13.5 – 2021-04-01

  • Add support for XCR0 register (#239)

0.13.4 – 2021-03-27

  • Implement more fmt traits for addr types (#237)

0.13.3 – 2021-03-16

  • Implement Clone for PageTable (#236)

0.13.2 – 2021-02-02

  • Fix build on latest nightly: The feature const_in_array_repeat_expressions was removed (#230)

0.13.1 – 2020-12-29

  • PCID support instructions ([#169])(#169))

0.13.0 – 2020-12-28

  • Breaking: Also return flags for MapperAllSizes::translate() (#207)
  • Breaking: Restructure the TranslateResult type and create separate Translate trait (#211)
  • Breaking: Rename PhysToVirt trait to PageTableFrameMapping (#214)
  • Breaking: Use custom error types instead of () (#199)
  • Breaking: Remove deprecated items
    • UnusedPhysFrame
    • ExceptionStackFrame
    • VirtAddr::new_unchecked
    • interrupts::enable_interrupts_and_hlt
  • Breaking: Make DescriptorTablePointer::base a VirtAddr (#215)
  • Breaking: Change return type of read_rip to VirtAddr (#216)
  • Breaking: Make writing the RFLAGS register unsafe (#219)
  • Breaking: Remove PortReadWrite trait, which is no longer needed (#217)
  • Relaxe Sized requirement for FrameAllocator in Mapper::map_to (204)

0.12.4 – 2020-12-28

  • Fix bad conversion from llvm_asm! to asm! (#218)
  • GDT: Add load_unchecked, from_raw_slice, and as_raw_slice (#210)

0.12.3 – 2020-10-31

  • Use asm! instead of perma-unstable llvm_asm! macro (#165)
  • Make GlobalDescriptorTable::add_entry a const fn (#191)
  • Rename enable_interrupts_and_hlt to enable_and_hlt (#206)
  • Provide functions for accessing the underlying L4 table for mapper types (#184)
  • Remove Trait constraint for Port::new() (#188)

0.12.2 – 2020-09-29

  • Add additional DescriptorFlags and aliases compatible with syscall/sysenter (#181)
  • Fix (another) build error on latest nightly (#186)

0.12.1 – 2020-09-24

  • Fix build error on latest nightly (#182)

0.12.0 – 2020-09-23

  • Breaking: Decouple instructions into a separate feature flag (#179)
    • Gates the instructions module by a new instructions feature (enabled by default).
    • Rename the stable feature to external_asm
    • PageTable::new is no longer a const fn on stable (i.e. without the nightly feature)

0.11.8 – 2020-09-23

  • Add VirtAddr::is_null (#180)

0.11.7 – 2020-09-11

  • Fix const_item_mutation warnings added in latest Rust nightly (#178)

0.11.6 – 2020-09-11 (yanked)

  • (accidental empty release)

0.11.5 – 2020-09-03

  • Don't rely on promotion of PageTableEntry::new inside a const fn (#175)

0.11.4 – 2020-09-01

  • Add a function for the nop instruction (#174)

0.11.3 – 2020-09-01

  • (accidental release, yanked)

0.11.2 – 2020-08-13

  • Add rdfsbase, rdgsbase, wrfsbase, wrgsbase (#172)

0.11.1

  • Export PhysAddrNotValid and VirtAddrNotValid error types (#163)

0.11.0

  • Breaking: Handle parent table flags in Mapper methods (#114)

0.10.3

  • Fix: Inclusive ranges is_empty() comparison (#156)

0.10.2

  • Nightly Breakage: Use llvm_asm! instead of deprecated asm! macro (#151)
  • Return the correct RPL from GDT::add_entry() (#153)

0.10.1

  • Add InterruptDescriptorTable::load_unsafe (#137)

0.10.0

  • Breaking: Make map_to and update_flags unsafe (#135)
  • Breaking: Make FrameDeallocator::deallocate_frame unsafe (#146)
  • Breaking: Don't pass small trivially copyable types by reference (#147)
  • Various improvements to VirtAddr and PhysAddr (#141)
    • Among other things, this renamed the VirtAddr::new_unchecked function to new_truncate.
  • Add const_fn!{} macro to make functions const without duplication (#144)
    • Also makes some more functions const.
  • Add {PhysFrame,Page}::from_start_address_unchecked (#142)
  • Use #[inline] everywhere (#145)
  • In VirtAddr::new_truncate, use shift instead of mul and div (#143)
  • Use Self::new() in InterruptDescriptorTable::reset() (#148)

0.9.6

  • Add an enable_interrupts_and_hlt function that executes sti; hlt (#138)
  • Fix some clippy warnings (#130)
  • Resolve remaining clippy warnings and add clippy job to CI (#132)

0.9.5

  • Add #[inline] attribute to small functions (#129)

0.9.4

  • asm: add target_env = "musl" to pickup the underscore asm names (#128)

0.9.3

  • Enable usage with non-nightly rust (#127)

0.9.2

  • Remove the cast dependency (#124)

0.9.1

  • Improve PageTableIndex and PageOffset (#122)

0.9.0

  • Breaking: Return the UnusedPhysFrame on MapToError::PageAlreadyMapped (#118)
  • Add User Mode registers (#119)

0.8.3

  • Allow immediate port version of in/out instructions (#115)
  • Make more functions const (#116)

0.8.2

  • Add support for cr4 control register (#111)

0.8.1

  • Fix: Add required reexport for new UnusedPhysFrame type (#110)

0.8.0

  • Breaking: Replace ux dependency with custom wrapper structs (#91)
  • Breaking: Add new UnsafePhysFrame type and use it in Mapper::map_to (#89)
  • Breaking: Rename divide_by_zero field of interrupt descriptor table to divide_error (#108)
  • Breaking: Introduce new diverging handler functions for double faults and machine check exceptions (#109)
  • Possibly Breaking: Make Mapper trait object safe by adding Self: Sized bounds on generic functions (#84)

0.7.7

  • Add slice and slice_mut methods to IDT (#95)

0.7.6

  • Use repr C to suppress not-ffi-safe when used with extern handler functions (#94)

0.7.5

  • Add FsBase and GsBase register support (#87)

0.7.4

  • Remove raw-cpuid dependency and use rdrand intrinsics (#85)
  • Update integration tests to use new testing framework (#86)

0.7.3

  • Add a new OffsetPageTable mapper type (#83)

0.7.2

  • Add instructions::bochs_breakpoint and registers::read_rip functions (#79)
  • Mark all single instruction functions as #[inline] (#79)
  • Update GDT docs, add user_data_segment function and WRITABLE flag (#78)
  • Reexport MappedPageTable on non-x86_64 platforms too (#82)

0.7.1

  • Add ring-3 flag to GDT descriptor (#77)

0.7.0

  • Breaking: Port::read and PortReadOnly::read now take &mut self instead of &self (#76).

0.6.0

  • Breaking: Make the FrameAllocator unsafe to implement. This way, we can force the implementer to guarantee that all frame allocators are valid. See #69 for more information.

0.5.5

  • Use cast crate instead of less general usize_conversions crate.

0.5.4

  • Update dependencies to latest versions (fix #67)

0.5.3

  • Add PortReadOnly and PortWriteOnly types in instructions::port module (#66).

0.5.2

  • Update documentation of MappedPageTable: Require that passed level_4_table is valid.

0.5.1

  • Add PageTable::{iter, iter_mut} functions to iterate over page table entries.

0.5.0

Breaking

  • The random module is now a submodule of the instructions module.
  • The structures::paging module was split into several submodules:
    • The NotGiantPageSize, PageRange, and PageRangeInclusive types were moved to a new page submodule.
    • The PhysFrameRange and PhysFrameRangeInclusive types were moved to a new frame submodule.
    • The FrameError and PageTableEntry types were moved to a new page_table submodule.
    • The MapperFlush, MapToError, UnmapError, and FlagUpdateError types were moved to a new mapper submodule.
  • The structures::paging module received the following changes:
    • The Mapper::translate_page function now returns a Result with a new TranslateError error type.
    • The NotRecursivelyMapped error type was removed.
  • The instructions::int3 function was moved into the instructions::interrupts module.
  • Removed some old deprecated functions.
  • Made modifications of the interrupt stack frame unsafe by introducing a new wrapper type and an unsafe as_mut method.

Other

  • Added a new structures::paging::MapperAllSizes trait with generic translation methods and implement it for MappedPageTable and RecursivePageTable.
  • Added a new structures::paging::MappedPageTable type that implements the Mapper and MapperAllSizes traits.
  • Added a software_interrupt macro to invoke arbitrary int x instructions.
  • Renamed the ExceptionStackFrame type to InterruptStackFrame.

0.4.2

  • Add RdRand::get_u{16, 32, 64} methods
  • Deprecate RdRand::get because it does not check for failure
  • Make RdRand Copy

0.4.1

  • Add support for the RdRand instruction (random number generation)

0.4.0

Breaking

  • Make Mapper::map_to and Mapper::identity_map unsafe because it is possible to break memory safety by passing invalid arguments.
  • Rename FrameAllocator::alloc to allocate_frame and FrameDeallocator::dealloc to deallocate_frame.
  • Remove From<os_bootinfo::FrameRange> implementation for PhysFrameRange
    • The os_bootinfo crate is no longer used by the bootloader crate.
    • It is not possible to provide an implementation for all os_bootinfo versions.

Other

  • Update to 2018 edition

0.3.6

  • Add a SIZE constant to the Page type
  • Add two interrupt tests to the testing sub-crate