[LN Decentralization E - PoCF] Protocol State Mutator validates finalization attestations

[jordanschalm]

Context

This issue is to update the consensus Protocol State mutator to validate finalization attestations in collection guarantees.

See design document in Notion for details.

Definition of Done

• Validate collection guarantees within the payload:
  • If the collection guarantee (or any collection guarantee for the same CollectionID) exists in the extended fork, reject the block as invalid
    • Only need to check for equivalent collection guarantees included in past TxExpiry-many blocks (de-duplicate on CollectionGuarantee.CollectionID).
  • Otherwise:
    • If the collection guarantee (matched by content hash, not by CollectionID field) exists in the Collection Guarantee Mempool, it is valid (only valid guarantees get added to the mempool)
    • If the collection guarantee (matched by content hash, not by CollectionID field) does not exist in the Collection Guarantee Mempool, manually validate it:
      • Validate the inclusion proof for the finalization attestation in block K.
      • Validate the QC for block K
      • (This validation logic should be shared with the ingestion engine -- see [LN Decentralization E - PoCF] Consensus Node Guarantee Ingestion #8179)