Update README, improve database handling, and upgrade dependencies

- Add sponsor badge to README
- Enhance environment preparation logic for `Uri` handling across databases
- Ensure proper handling of empty SQL statements in database classes
- Upgrade PHP requirement to `>=8.3` and dependencies to latest versions
- Refactor `Migration` methods for better error handling and type safety
- Update Psalm configuration: adjust error level, exclude test directory
- Revise GitHub Actions to drop PHP 8.1 and 8.2, add PHP 8.5, and separate Psalm workflow
- Improve composer scripts and static analysis setup

Author: byjg

.github/workflows/phpunit.yml

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ jobs:
 
     services:
       mysql:
-        image: bitnami/mysql:8.0.20
+        image: mysql:8.0.20
         env:
           MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: password
           MYSQL_AUTHENTICATION_PLUGIN: mysql_native_password