Add support for Python 3.12 #4495

Job	Run time
Run tests backends with macos-14, Python 3.12	2m 34s
Run tests backends with macos-14, Python 3.11	3m 25s
Run tests backends with macos-14, Python 3.10	3m 19s
Run tests backends with ubuntu-22.04, Python 3.10	6m 4s
Run tests slow_tests with macos-14, Python 3.11	2m 47s
Run tests slow_tests with macos-14, Python 3.12	5m 52s
Run tests slow_tests with ubuntu-22.04, Python 3.10	6m 2s
Run tests backends with ubuntu-22.04, Python 3.11	5m 30s
Run tests slow_tests with macos-14, Python 3.10	1s
Run tests backends with ubuntu-22.04, Python 3.12	6m 3s
Run tests group_a with macos-14, Python 3.11	5m 52s
Run tests group_a with macos-14, Python 3.10	3m 6s
Run tests slow_tests with ubuntu-22.04, Python 3.11	5m 5s
Run tests slow_tests with ubuntu-22.04, Python 3.12	6m 3s
Run tests group_a with macos-14, Python 3.12	1s
Run tests group_b with macos-14, Python 3.10	2m 42s
Run tests group_b with ubuntu-22.04, Python 3.10	5m 55s
Run tests group_a with ubuntu-22.04, Python 3.12	6m 3s
Run tests group_b with macos-14, Python 3.12	5m 50s
Run tests group_a with ubuntu-22.04, Python 3.11	5m 29s
Run tests group_a with ubuntu-22.04, Python 3.10	6m 3s
Run tests group_b with macos-14, Python 3.11	1s
Run tests group_b with ubuntu-22.04, Python 3.11	5m 17s
Run tests group_b with ubuntu-22.04, Python 3.12	6m 3s
	1h 45m 7s

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